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In this issue: EIGER2 R 500K applications, S6 JAGUAR on milk powder, cannabis screening with CTX, M4 TORNADO mineral analysis, beach sand with D8 QUEST, pharma raw materials with S2 PUMA, micro-XRF on SEM of Mo in steel, UCSC JANA workshop summary, launch of G6 LEONARDO and SKYSCAN 1273
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X-ray Diffraction & Elemental Analysis |
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Innovation with Integrity
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FIRST
Newsletter
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| February 2019, Issue 47 |
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Happy 150th Anniversary to the Periodic Table!
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Dmitri Mendeleev's 1869 version of the periodic table of elements is turning 150 years old this year. The United Nations General Assembly and UNESCO have therefore designated 2019 as the "International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements", or IYPT2019 for short!
Celebrations are taking place far and wide, in about as many forms as there are elements! The American Chemical Society (ACS), for example, is holding an "I Spy a Periodic Table" photo contest and offering periodic table merchandise, including chocolate cupcake mix with instructions on how to make your own periodic table (you'll need five boxes). The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is offering a "Get in Your Element" challenge and Nobelium Contest with a chance to win a special edition periodic table autographed by a Nobel Laureate in Chemistry.
Here at Bruker, we're fascinated by all the different types of periodic table out there. There are periodic tables of beer styles, element graphics, cheese, mixology, herbs and spices, even periodic tables! This international periodic table "flags" the country and date of discovery of each element.
We also thought we'd join in the IYPT2019 festivities by sharing some fun facts* about the periodic table:
1. You may remember the Periodic Table of the Elements as a dreary chart on your classroom wall. If so, you never guessed its real purpose: It’s a giant cheat sheet.
2. The table has served chemistry students since 1869, when it was created by Dmitry Mendeleev, a cranky professor at the University of St. Petersburg.
3. With a publisher’s deadline looming, Mendeleev didn’t have time to describe all 63 then-known elements. So he turned to a data set of atomic weights meticulously gathered by others.
4. To determine those weights, scientists had passed currents through various solutions to break them up into their constituent atoms. Responding to a battery’s polarity, the atoms of one element would go thisaway, the atoms of another thataway. The atoms were collected in separate containers and then weighed.
5. From this process, chemists determined relative weights—which were all Mendeleev needed to establish a useful ranking.
*Adapted from Discover Magazine, Nov 2011
Read on to learn about more "elemental" discoveries, structures, research, technologies and properties.
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In This Issue
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These new Application Notes describe the use of Bruker's new EIGER2 R 500K hybrid photon-counting X-ray detector for measurement of diverse material components, such as the spatial relationship of phases in geological specimens, stress and strain in metal coatings on semiconductors, and subtle properties of epitaxial thin films. Read more:
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Need to determine the zonation of plagioclase feldspar in a granite sample? The M4 TORNADOAMICS (Advanced Mineral Identification and Characterization System) does that! By producing detailed mineralogical maps of compositional variations, the M4 TORNADOAMICS provides data about modal abundance, calculated assay, mineral association and textural aspects of rocks. Read More |
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Parents sometimes rely on reconstituted milk powder to meet the nutritional needs of their infants. Food manufacturers must therefore ensure the quality of their products by accurately measuring concentrations of Na, Mg, P, K, Ca, Fe and other elements. The S6 JAGUAR benchtop wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluroescence spectrometrer is ideal for this application. It combines compact size with high excitation power for precise measurement of trace elements in all kinds of food samples. Read More |
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50 Years "het bijzonder voor een diffractometer"
Last December the KAPPA geometry celebrated its 50th anniversary. On December 10th, 1968 patent GB1267440A on the “Goniometrische inrichting, het bijzonder voor een diffractometer - trigonometric device, in particular for a diffractometer”, was granted to ENRAF-NONIUS N.V., Delft, The Netherlands. ENRAF-NONIUS’ X-ray diffraction business is part of Bruker AXS today. In the late 60's, the KAPPA geometry delivered a major breakthrough in goniometer accuracy and reliability. The KAPPA geometry uses pure rotations only, which can be performed with a hereto unknown precision, leading today to a sphere of confusion (error of the goniometer axis) of less than 7 microns. Now the majority of X-ray diffractometers is equipped with a KAPPA or kappa-type goniometer, benefitting from the significantly lower beam obstruction compared to most other goniometer geometries. |
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Cannabis is a phytoremediator plant which can take up significant amounts of heavy metals, like Pb, Cd and As, as well as nutrients, such as Mg, P, S, Cu and Zn, from soil. Growers can screen for these elements at every stage of development with portable XRF (pXRF) to help optimize their products without sending samples out for laboratory testing. Bruker's new CTXTM countertop pXRF is designed for customers who primarily measure liquids or materials in sample cups, and is therefore ideal for cannabis-related testing.
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Black sand was collected from a beach on Lake Michigan in Wisconsin's Sheboygan County and analyzed to see if it was magnetite.Crystallographic data were acquired using a D8 QUEST diffractometer equipped with a molybdenum sealed tube source and a TRIUMPH monochromator, a FIXED-CHI goniometer and a PHOTON III mixed-mode detector. High-quality data sets were collected in short experiment times, and yielded structures with impressively good reliability criteria. Spoiler alert... it was hematite!
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This application note demonstrates how micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (micro-XRF) can improve the determination of the molybdenum content in alloy steel. Bruker's QUANTAX Micro-XRF on SEM system with an XTrace micro-focus X-ray source and an XFlash energy-dispersive detector proved to be an ideal choice for this analytical task. EDS and micro-XRF provided good quantification results on two high-alloy and one low-alloy steel samples, even for low molybdenum concentration.
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Pharmaceutical companies typically use wet chemistry or Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to validate incoming raw materials. These methods are expensive, time-consuming and require extensive sample prep. The S2 PUMA energy-dispersive XRF spectrometer offers an alternative with many benefits: easier and faster sample prep, better analysis traceability, no need for highly trained operators, and fast sample-to-result turnaround time.
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Bruker co-sponsored the 2018 JANA Modulation Workshop at the University of California, San Diego. Twenty-five attendees and lecturers spent four days from December 10 to 13 working hard on problematic datasets using the JANA 2006 package. In addition to working with software, all of the UCSD lab diffractometers were available for hands-on time with participants’ own problem crystals.
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In this interview conducted by Alina Shrourou BSc, AZO Materials, Professor Hans-Conrad (Hanno) zur Loye, Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Education, University of South Carolina, explains how he uses powder (D2 PHASER) and single crystal (D8 QUEST) XRD to investigate the crystal growth of new scintillating and luminescing oxides and fluorides, and new uranium- and thorium-containing structures.
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The latest version of APEX3 is now available from brukersupport.com. For the first time, the APEX3 distribution includes the IDEAL (Invariom Derived Electron AnaLysis) package. IDEAL goes beyond the traditional independent atom model (IAM) and takes scattering contributions of bonds and lone pairs into account. This leads to more accurate models with improved standard deviations and better residual (R-) factors. Users of Bruker single crystal diffraction solutions can download and install the new APEX3 package including IDEAL free of charge. A on-demand webinar provides more details and dedicated workshops will be held during the course of the year.
Read More
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| At IFEX 2019, Bruker announced the launch of the new G6 LEONARDOTM, an economic and robust inert gas fusion (IGF) analyzer for oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen (ONH) concentration measurements in inorganic samples. The G6 LEONARDO extends Bruker's line of high-precision, compact and easy-to-maintain analyzers by introducing its well-proven SampleCareTM into IGF analysis for metals and ceramics.
Download brochure
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| On February 1, 2019 in Kontich, Belgium, Bruker announced the new SKYSCANTM 1273 benchtop 3D X-ray microscope based on micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) technology. The SKYSCAN 1273 sets a new standard for non-destructive testing (NDT) with benchtop instruments, providing a performance level previously only achieved by floor-standing systems.
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| If you own Bruker equipment for single crystal structure analysis, we want to hear from you! Fill out our Customer Satisfaction Survey for a chance to win a new iPad. Drawings are held twice a year and winners are announced in FIRST Newsletter. Take Survey |
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| On-Demand Webinar: February 2019
Join Drs. Hagen Stosnach and Armin Gross of Bruker Nano Analytics, and Dr. Po-Wah So of King's College London for a live one-hour webinar to learn how Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence (TXRF) spectroscopy is used in biopharmaceutical, clinical and biological research. This webinar will give you an overview of the role of toxic metals in inhibiting enzyme functions, and how TXRF provides outstanding performance for this important application.
Learn More |
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| 03 Mar 2019
PDAC 2019 - Toronto, Ontario, Canada - Prospectors & Developers Association of Canada 09 Mar 2019
JSAP Spring Meeting 2019 - Tokyo, Japan - Japan Society of Applied Physics 12 Mar 2019
ARABLAB 2019 - Dubai, United Arab Emirates - Lab Equipment and Management 14 Mar 2019
Laborama 2019 - Brussels, Belgium - Laboratory Businesses, Suppliers and Technologies 16 Mar 2019
CSJ Spring Annual Meeting 2019 - Kobe, Japan - Chemical Society of Japan 17 Mar 2019
PITTCON 2019 - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA - The Pittsburgh Conference & Exposition 17 Mar 2019
WCSBW 2019 - Pacific Grove, California, USA - West Coast Structural Biology Workshop 25 Mar 2019
DGK 2019 - Leipzig, Germany - Germany Crystallographic Society Annual Meeting 31 Mar 2019
ACS Spring 2019 - Orlando, Florida, USA - American Chemical Society Spring National Meeting 16 Apr 2019
Korea Lab 2019 - Goyang, Korea - Laboratory & Analytical Equipment Exhibition 22 Apr 2019
MRS Spring 2019 - Phoenix, Arizona, USA - Materials Research Society Spring Meeting 27 Apr 2019
CastExpo 2019 - Atlanta, Georgia, USA - Metalcasting Congress 06 May 2019
AISTech 2019 - Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA - Association for Iron & Steel Technology 08 May 2019
MTA 2019 - Bangkok, Thailand - Advanced Technologies for Manufacturing Excellence 14 May 2019
PRODEX 2019 - Basel, Switzerland - Machine tools, tools and production measurement More Events & Tradeshows |
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Training Courses 2019 |
| SC-XRD
XRD
XRF
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© 2019 Bruker Corporation
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