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The role of Micro-CT in imaging breast cancer specimens

  • Preclinical study
  • Published:
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The goal of breast cancer surgery is to remove all of the cancer with a minimum of normal tissue, but absence of full 3-dimensional information on the specimen makes this difficult to achieve.

Method

Micro-CT is a high resolution, X-ray, 3D imaging method, widely used in industry but rarely in medicine.

Results

We imaged and analyzed 173 partial mastectomies (129 ductal carcinomas, 14 lobular carcinomas, 28 DCIS). Imaging was simple and rapid. The size and shape of the cancers seen on Micro-CT closely matched the size and shape of the cancers seen at specimen dissection. Micro-CT images of multicentric/multifocal cancers revealed multiple non-contiguous masses. Micro-CT revealed cancer touching the specimen edge for 93% of the 114 cases judged margin positive by the pathologist, and 28 of the cases not seen as margin positive on pathological analysis; cancer occupied 1.55% of surface area when both the pathologist and Micro-CT suggested cancer at the edge, but only 0.45% of surface area for the “Micro-CT-Only-Positive Cases”. Thus, Micro-CT detects cancers that touch a very small region of the specimen surface, which is likely to be missed on sectioning.

Conclusions

Micro-CT provides full 3D images of breast cancer specimens, allowing one to identify, in minutes rather than hours, while the patient is in OR, margin-positive cancers together with information on where the cancer touches the edge, in a fashion more accurate than possible from the histology slides alone.

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Acknowledgements

Many thanks for equipment provided by Bruker Skyscan and Nikon Metrology, and funding provided by Nikon Metrology. Micro-CT imaging was also provided at the MIT Center for Bits and Atoms, 20 Ames Street. Cambridge, MA 02139. Many thanks to Drs. Barbara Smith and Michelle Gadd, and especially to Dr. Thomas Gudewicz for his gracious help with the pathological aspects of this work.

Funding

This study was funded in part by an unnumbered contract from Nikon Metrology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory for Quantitative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Daniel DiCorpo, Ankur Tiwari, Molly Griffin, Pinky Bautista & James Michaelson

  2. Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Ankur Tiwari, Rong Tang, Kevin Hughes & James Michaelson

  3. Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    James Michaelson

  4. Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    James Michaelson

  5. Department of Urology, Los Angeles Medical Center, Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Owen Aftreth

  6. MIT Center for Bits and Atoms, Room E15-401, 20 Ames Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Neil Gershenfeld

  7. 12 Sheeps Crossing Lane, Woods Hole, USA

    James Michaelson

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  1. Daniel DiCorpo
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Correspondence to James Michaelson.

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Conflict of interest

James Michaelson was the PI on the unnumbered contract from Nikon Metrology. James Michaelson has received no speaker honoraria from any company, nor does he own any stock, nor is he a member of any committee related to this work. Otherwise, none of the authors had any has no conflict of interest.

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DiCorpo, D., Tiwari, A., Tang, R. et al. The role of Micro-CT in imaging breast cancer specimens. Breast Cancer Res Treat 180, 343–357 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-020-05547-z

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